Maritza Caneca was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazi. Caneca is a resident artist at the Bakehouse Art Complex, in Miami, where she currently lives and works. In 1982, she graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Social Communication from Faculdade da Cidade. After graduation, she started her work in cinematography, working in films like Cinema Falado by Caetano Veloso in 1986. In 2006 Caneca received the Best Cinematography Award by the Brazilian Association of Cinematic Photography. Turning to a studio practice in 2012, Caneca took the camera out of the film set and into the urban landscape with her photographic series of pools.
During the 2016 Olympics in Rio, Caneca exhibited at the renowned Paço Imperial. In 2017, she was commissioned by the iconic Copacabana Palace to create an intervention during the hotel pool's first remodeling since being built in 1934. Caneca has exhibited in galleries in São Paulo, New York, Budapest, and Basel, amongst others. Most recently, Caneca has been selected for a public art project at Miami International Airport in 2021.